Dokument: Die Auswirkungen der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation über dem linken prämotorischen Kortex auf die Konsolidierung einer neu erlernten motorischen Sequenz
| Titel: | Die Auswirkungen der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation über dem linken prämotorischen Kortex auf die Konsolidierung einer neu erlernten motorischen Sequenz | |||||||
| URL für Lesezeichen: | https://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DocumentServlet?id=55967 | |||||||
| URN (NBN): | urn:nbn:de:hbz:061-20210428-083145-6 | |||||||
| Kollektion: | Dissertationen | |||||||
| Sprache: | Deutsch | |||||||
| Dokumententyp: | Wissenschaftliche Abschlussarbeiten » Dissertation | |||||||
| Medientyp: | Text | |||||||
| Autor: | Göller, Stephanie [Autor] | |||||||
| Dateien: |
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| Beitragende: | Prof. Dr. med. Pollok, Bettina [Gutachter] Dr. Wölwer, Wolfgang [Gutachter] | |||||||
| Dewey Dezimal-Klassifikation: | 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften » 610 Medizin und Gesundheit | |||||||
| Beschreibungen: | ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Um erfolgreich mit der Umwelt zu interagieren, ist motorisches Lernen unabdingbar. Es basiert auf einem zentralen Netzwerk das insbesondere motorische Areale wie den primären motorischen Cortex (M1) und den prämotorischen Cortex (PMC) einschließt. Während der M1 eine entscheidende Rolle für die Akquisition und die frühe Konsolidierung einer neu erlernten motorischen Sequenz spielt, ist der genaue Beitrag des PMC für motorisches Sequenzlernen noch nicht abschließend geklärt. Die vorliegende Arbeit dient der genaueren Charakterisierung des funktionellen Beitrags des linken PMC für die Konsolidierung einer motorischen Sequenz. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde mithilfe einer Seriellen Reaktionszeit Aufgabe (engl.: Serial Reaction Time Task; SRTT) implizites motorisches Lernen erzeugt. Bei dieser Aufgabe werden die Probanden/innen aufgefordert, auf einen sequenziell präsentierten visuellen Stimulus so schnell wie möglich zu reagieren. Durch die Veränderung der Reaktionszeiten im Vergleich zu einer randomisierten Abfolge des Stimulus lässt sich Lernerfolg messen. Die transkranielle Gleichstromstimula-tion (engl.: transcranial direct current stimulation; tDCS), eine non-invasive Stimulationsmethode, wurde zur Modulation der Erregbarkeit des linken PMC bei 18 gesunden, rechtshändigen und nicht-musikalischen Probanden/innen angewendet. Dabei wurde anodale, kathodale und Placebo-Stimulation über dem linken PMC 30 Minuten nach dem Ende des SRTT-Trainings mit der rechten Hand angewandt. Die Reaktionszeiten wurden vor dem SRTT Training (t1), nach dem Training (t2), direkt nach der tDCS (t3) und nach einer nächtlichen Schlafphase (t4) gemessen. Die Analyse der Daten zeigte nur nach anodaler tDCS eine signifikante Verminderung der Reaktionszeiten zum Messzeitpunkt t3 im Vergleich zu t2. Nach einer Schlafphase zum Zeitpunkt t4 zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied der Reaktionszeiten zwischen den Stimulationsbedingungen, was auf eine Reaktionszeitbeschleunigung in den anderen beiden Bedingungen zurückgeführt werden kann. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Hypothese einer kausalen Beteiligung des PMC an der frühen Konsolidierung einer neu erlernten Bewegungssequenz. Insbesondere legen die Daten nahe, dass die anodale tDCS die frühe Konsolidierung einer motorischen Sequenz verbessern kann. Allerdings sind diese Effekte von kurzer Dauer und können durch eine Schlafphase und/oder das Verstreichen von Zeit ausgeglichen werden.SUMMARY Motor learning is a necessary ability to carry out daily tasks and interact with the environment. The term motor learning consists of the initial acquisition of a new motor pattern followed by its consolidation. While the primary motor cortex (M1) plays a crucial role in the acquisition and early consolidation of a newly learned motor sequence, the precise impact of the premotor cortex (PMC) on subsequent consolidation remains less clear. The present study aims at investigating the role of the left PMC for the consolidation of a motor sequence. Training on a serial reaction time task (SRTT) was used to induce implicit motor learning. Within this task participants are asked to react as fast as possible to a sequentially presented visual stimulus. Progression of motor learning can be measured by the decrease of these reaction times in comparison to the reaction times to a randomly presented stimulus. Transcranial direct current stimulation, a non-invasive stimulation method, was used to modulate the excitability of the left PMC in 18 healthy, right-handed non-musicians. Anodal, cathodal tDCS and sham-stimulation were applied to the left PMC 30 minutes after SRTT training with the right hand. Reaction times were measured prior to SRTT training (t1), at the end of training (t2), directly after tDCS (t3) and after overnight sleep (t4). The analysis revealed a significant facilitation of reaction times in sequential trials after anodal tDCS at t3, whereas no further significant improvement was evident at t4 (after overnight sleep). Reaction times at t4 did not significantly differ between stimulation conditions due to faster reaction times in the other two stimulation conditions. The results support the hypothesis of a causal involvement of the PMC in early consolidation. In particular, the data imply that anodal tDCS can facilitate early motor sequence consolidation. Noteworthy, the impact of a single tDCS ap-plication is of short duration and remediated by progression of time and/or sleep. | |||||||
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| Lizenz: |  Urheberrechtsschutz | |||||||
| Bezug: | 2016 - 2021 | |||||||
| Fachbereich / Einrichtung: | Medizinische Fakultät » Institute » Institut für Medizinische Psychologie | |||||||
| Dokument erstellt am: | 28.04.2021 | |||||||
| Dateien geändert am: | 28.04.2021 | |||||||
| Promotionsantrag am: | 26.10.2020 | |||||||
| Datum der Promotion: | 06.04.2021 |
