Dokument: Vergleichende videographische und elektromyographische Untersuchung fazialer Mimikry
| Titel: | Vergleichende videographische und elektromyographische Untersuchung fazialer Mimikry | |||||||
| Weiterer Titel: | Comparative videographic and electromyographic study of facial mimicry | |||||||
| URL für Lesezeichen: | https://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DocumentServlet?id=67636 | |||||||
| URN (NBN): | urn:nbn:de:hbz:061-20241125-094853-7 | |||||||
| Kollektion: | Dissertationen | |||||||
| Sprache: | Deutsch | |||||||
| Dokumententyp: | Wissenschaftliche Abschlussarbeiten » Dissertation | |||||||
| Medientyp: | Text | |||||||
| Autor: | Westermann, Jan Frederik [Autor] | |||||||
| Dateien: |
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| Beitragende: | Prof. Dr. Franz, Matthias [Gutachter] PD Dr. med. Rapp, Marion [Gutachter] | |||||||
| Stichwörter: | Faziale Mimikry, EMG, Affdex, Automated facial coding | |||||||
| Dewey Dezimal-Klassifikation: | 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften » 610 Medizin und Gesundheit | |||||||
| Beschreibungen: | Faziale Mimikry beschreibt die kongruente mimische Reaktion auf affektive Gesichtsausdrücke Anderer. Sie ist ein basaler Bestandteil des affektiven Miterlebens und somit der zwischenmenschlichen Kommunikation. Bisher wurde die faziale Mimikry mittels Elektromyographie (EMG) gemessen. Dazu sind ein komplexer Messapparat und Erfahrung in der Anwendung und Interpretation von EMG-Signalen notwendig. Durch Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet des maschinellen Lernens sind in den letzten Jahren Computerprogramme zur Messung affektiver Gesichtsausdrücke entwickelt worden. Bisher ist allerdings unklar, ob diese auch die sehr subtile faziale Mimikry messen können.
In dieser Studie wurde die auf maschinellem Lernen basierte Emotionserkennungs-Software „Affdex“ (action units lip corner puller und brow lowerer sowie Affekte joy und anger) mit der EMG, in Bezug auf ihre Fähigkeit faziale Mimikry zu messen, verglichen. Dafür wurde bei 33 Probanden faziale Mimikry induziert, indem naturalistische affektexpressive Videosequenzen (Wut, Freude) präsentiert wurden, die aus dem validierten Portrait-Set „Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces“ entwickelt wurden. Die Videos waren 3 Sekunden lang, begannen mit einem neutralen Gesichtsausdruck und erreichten nach 2 Sekunden den maximalen Affektausdruck. Die faziale Mimikry-Reaktion der Probanden auf die gezeigten affektexpressiven Stimuli wurde gleichzeitig mittels fazialem EMG (M. corrugator supercilii, M. zygomaticus major) und mit Affdex per Videoanalyse gemessen. Anschließend wurden die über alle Probanden gemittelten Messergebnisse von EMG und Affdex über einen Zeitraum von 5000 ms miteinander korreliert (3000 ms während der Stimuluspräsentation, je 1000 ms vor und nach der Stimuluspräsentation). Nach Präsentation des Freude-Stimulus kam es zu einem Anstieg der EMG-Aktivität des M. zygomaticus ca. 400 ms nach Stimulusbeginn und zu einem Anstieg der von Affdex gemessen lip corner puller- und joy-Aktivität etwa 1200 ms nach Stimulusbeginn. Die von Affdex ermittelten joy- und lip corner puller-Aktivitäten korrelierten signifikant mit der o.g. EMG-Aktivität. Nach Darbietung des Wut-Stimulus kam es zu einem Anstieg der EMG-Aktivität des M. corrugators, ebenfalls ca. 400 ms nach Stimulusbeginn, wohingegen die von Affdex gemessenen brow lowerer- und anger-Aktivitäten keine Reaktion zeigten. Während des gesamten Messintervalls korrelierten weder die brow lowerer- noch die anger-Aktivität mit der EMG-Aktivität des M. corrugators, womit die Affdex-Messung der Mimikry-Reaktion auf den Wut-Stimulus nicht erfolgreich war. Die Mimikry-Reaktion auf einen Freude-Stimulus hingegen konnte mit Affdex erfolgreich gemessen werden. Allerdings erkennt Affdex die Mimikry-Reaktion ca. 800 ms später als die EMG-Messung des M. zygomaticus. Somit bleibt im Vergleich zu Affdex die Elektromyographie das Mittel der Wahl für die Untersuchung subtiler mimischer Prozesse wie der fazialen Mimikry.Facial mimicry describes the congruent mimic reaction to the affective facial expressions of others. It is a fundamental component of affective co-experience and thus of interpersonal communication. Until now, facial mimicry has been measured using electromyography (EMG). This requires a complex measuring apparatus and experience in the application and interpretation of EMG signals. In recent years, advances in the field of machine learning have led to the development of computer programs for measuring affective facial expressions. However, it is still unclear whether these programs can also measure the very subtle facial mimicry. “Affdex” (action unit lip corner puller and brow lowerer, as well as affects joy and anger) was compared with the EMG in terms of its ability to measure facial mimicry. For this purpose, facial mimicry was induced in 33 subjects by presenting naturalistic affect-expressive (anger, joy) video sequences developed from the validated portrait set “Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces”. The videos were 3 seconds long, started with a neutral facial expression and reached maximum affect expression after 2 seconds. The subjects' mimicry reaction was measured simultaneously using facial EMG (M. corrugator supercilii, M. zygomaticus major) and Affdex. The results of the EMG and Affdex measurements averaged over all subjects were then correlated over a period of 5000 ms (3000 ms during the stimulus presentation, 1000 ms before and after the stimulus presentation). After presentation of the joy stimulus, there was an increase in EMG activity of the zygomaticus muscle approximately 400 ms after stimulus onset and an increase in lip corner puller and joy activity measured by Affdex approximately 1200 ms after stimulus onset. The joy and lip corner puller activities determined by Affdex correlated significantly with the above-mentioned EMG activity. After presentation of the anger stimulus, there was an increase in EMG activity of the corrugator muscle, also approx. 400 ms after stimulus onset, whereas the brow lowerer and anger activity measured by Affdex showed no response. During the entire measurement interval, neither the brow lowerer nor the anger activity correlated with the EMG activity of the corrugator muscle, meaning that the Affdex measurement of the mimicry response to the anger stimulus was not successful. The mimicry response to a joy stimulus, on the other hand, could be successfully measured with Affdex. However, Affdex recognizes the mimicry reaction approx. 800 ms later than the EMG measurement of the zygomaticus muscle. Thus, electromyography remains the method of choice for the investigation of subtle mimic processes such as facial mimicry. | |||||||
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| Lizenz: |  Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz | |||||||
| Fachbereich / Einrichtung: | Medizinische Fakultät » Institute » Klinisches Institut für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie | |||||||
| Dokument erstellt am: | 25.11.2024 | |||||||
| Dateien geändert am: | 25.11.2024 | |||||||
| Promotionsantrag am: | 17.07.2024 | |||||||
| Datum der Promotion: | 24.10.2024 |
