Dokument: Epidemiologie, Management und Behandlungsergebnisse von Infektionen, Sepsis und Septischem Schock in der Zentralen Notaufnahme

Titel:Epidemiologie, Management und Behandlungsergebnisse von Infektionen, Sepsis und Septischem Schock in der Zentralen Notaufnahme
Weiterer Titel:Epidemiology, management and treatment outcomes of infections, sepsis and septic shock in the central emergency department
URL für Lesezeichen:https://docserv.uni-duesseldorf.de/servlets/DocumentServlet?id=67392
URN (NBN):urn:nbn:de:hbz:061-20241118-095100-7
Kollektion:Dissertationen
Sprache:Deutsch
Dokumententyp:Wissenschaftliche Abschlussarbeiten » Dissertation
Medientyp:Text
Autor: Wolfertz, Nicole [Autor]
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Dateien vom 07.11.2024 / geändert 07.11.2024
Beitragende:Prof. Dr. med. Bernhard Michael [Gutachter]
Prof. Dr. med. Keitel-Anselmino, Verena [Gutachter]
Stichwörter:Epidemiologie, Infektion, Sepsis, Septischer Schock, Zentrale Notaufnahme
Dewey Dezimal-Klassifikation:600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften » 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
Beschreibungen:Zusammenfassung
Bereits seit Jahrtausenden beschäftigt sich die Menschheit mit der Prävention und
Behandlung von Infektionen: Sei es die Prävention durch Hygienemaßnahmen,
durch Eindämmung impfpräventabler Infektionen (z.B. Masern oder Tetanus), durch
Isolationsmaßnahmen bei Infektionen (z.B. Norovirus) oder auch die Behandlung
bakterieller Infektionen mit Hilfe von Antiinfektiva zur Reduktion von
Folgeerkrankungen und Mortalität. Infektionen können im Extremfall
lebensbedrohliche Krankheitsbilder in Form einer Sepsis oder eines septischen
Schockes annehmen, wobei Kleinkinder und alte Menschen als die vulnerabelsten
Gruppen gelten. Epidemiologische Daten zu diesen Erkrankungsbildern stammen
in aller Regel aus intensivmedizinischen Patientenkollektiven und zeigen deutliche
Unterschiede hinsichtlich regionaler, demographischer sowie versorgungsspezifischer
Variablen, sodass die Übertragung dieser Daten auf die Realität in
Zentralen Notaufnahmen in Deutschland nicht vollständig gegeben ist.
Die retrospektive, monozentrische EpiSEP- (Epidemiologie, Management und
Behandlungsergebnisse von Infektionen, Sepsis und Septischem Schock in der
Zentralen Notaufnahme) Studie ging nun erstmalig der Epidemiologie von
Infektionen, Sepsis und septischen Schock in einer deutschen Zentralen
Notaufnahme (ZNA) an einem Universitätsklinikum nach. In der Kohortenstudie
wurden routinemäßig erfasste Daten aus dem Patienten-Daten-Management-
System sowie dem Krankenhausinformationssystem ausgewertet. Eingeschlossen
wurden alle erwachsenen Patienten, die sich in Zusammenhang mit einer Infektion
im Studienzeitraum vom 01.01. bis 28.02.2019 in der ZNA des Universitätsklinikum
Düsseldorf behandeln ließen. Ausschlusskriterien waren Patienten im Alter unter 18
Jahren sowie unvollständige Datensätze. Ein positives Ethikvotum der
Medizinischen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität lag vor (Studiennummer:
2020-973).
Im benannten Studienzeitraum konnte bei 1.278 Patienten (19 %) von insgesamt
6.607 Notaufnahmekontakten eine Infektion nachgewiesen werden. Die
Studienkohorte war zum Behandlungszeitpunkt im Mittel 56±23 Jahre alt, in 50 %
männlichen Geschlechts und wurde zur weiteren Evaluation entsprechend der
SEPSIS-3-Definition in drei Gruppen eingeteilt: Infektion (Gruppe I: 86 %), Sepsis
(Gruppe II: 10 %), Septischer Schock (Gruppe III: 4 %). Gruppenübergreifend
dominierten der Respirationstrakt (35 %) sowie der Urogenitaltrakt (18 %) als
Infektfokusse. Bei 0,2 % der Patienten konnte kein Infektfokus im Rahmen der
Behandlung in der Notaufnahme gefunden werden. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine hohe
Leitlinienadhärenz zur S3-Leitlinie Sepsis mit zunehmender Krankheitsschwere.
Die 30-Tages-Mortalität nahm über die drei Gruppen deutlich zu (1,6 %, 12 % und
38 %).
Die retrospektive EpiSEP-Studie zeigt unter Berücksichtigung der geltenden
Sepsisdefinitionen erstmals tatsächlichen Inzidenzraten von Infektionen, Sepsis
und septischem Schock, deren Ursprung und wichtige Versorgungsdaten aus einer
deutschen universitären ZNA.

Abstract
For thousands of years, humans have been engaged with the prevention and
treatment of infections: Whether it is prevention through hygiene measures, through
vaccine-preventable infections (e.g. measles or tetanus), through isolation
procedures in the presence of infections (e.g. norovirus) or even the treatment of
bacterial infections using anti-infectives to reduce secondary diseases and mortality.
In extreme circumstances, infections can take on life-threatening clinical
manifestations in the form of sepsis or septic shock, with young children and the
elderly being considered the most vulnerable groups. Epidemiological data on these
disease entities are usually based on intensive care patient populations and show
significant differences with regard to regional, demographic and care-specific
variables, so that the transfer of these data to the reality in central emergency
departments in Germany is not completely given.
The retrospective, single-center EpiSEP (Epidemiology, Management and Outcome
of Infections, Sepsis and Septic Shock in the Central Emergency Department) study
was the first to investigate the epidemiology of infections, sepsis and septic shock
in a German emergency department at a university hospital. The cohort study
evaluated routinely collected data from the patient data management system and
the hospital information system. All adult patients who received treatment related to
an infection in the emergency department of the University Hospital Düsseldorf
during the study period from 01/01 to 28/02/2019 were included. Exclusion criteria
were patients under 18 years of age and incomplete data sets. The study protocol
was approved by the Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University (study number:
2020-973).
During the study period, infection was detected in 1,278 patients (19 %) of a total of
6,607 emergency department visits. The study cohort had a mean age of 56±23
years, was male in 50 %, and was divided into three groups for further evaluation
according to the SEPSIS-3 definition: Infection (group I: 86 %), Sepsis (group II: 10
%), Septic Shock (group III: 4 %). Across these groups, the respiratory tract (35 %)
and genitourinary tract (18 %) were the predominant foci of infection. In 0.2 % of
patients, no infectious focus could be identified during the treatment in the
emergency department. Overall, there was a high guideline adherence to the S3
guideline sepsis with increasing disease severity. The 30-day mortality increased
significantly across the three groups (1.6 %, 12 %, and 38 %, respectively).
The retrospective EpiSEP study shows for the first time actual incidence rates of
infections, sepsis and septic shock, their origin and important care data from a
German university emergency department, taking into account the current sepsis
definitions.
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Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz
Bezug:Studienzeitraum 01.01.2019-28.02.2019
Fachbereich / Einrichtung:Medizinische Fakultät
Dokument erstellt am:18.11.2024
Dateien geändert am:18.11.2024
Promotionsantrag am:16.04.2024
Datum der Promotion:29.10.2024
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